Entries from September 2004 ↓

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CIOL The GSM Association has urged the regulator to veto a proposal that could effectively isolate India from the global mobile market :

The GSM Association (GSMA) has encouraged the Indian government to maintain its alignment with the global community and protect the International Telecommunications Union’s (ITU) recommended IMT2000 core band for 3G services.

According to the press release, GSMA has urged the country’s telecom regulator to veto a proposal that would effectively isolate India from the global mobile market, a risk that would undermine the current growth and development of the country’s telecommunications industry and restrict the ability of mobile users to roam internationally….

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Via Slashdot Pual Graham, founder of ViaWeb which was aquired by Yahoo in 1998 writes : What the Bubble Got Right. The Bubble are the days of .COMs and .GONEs.

had a front row seat for the Internet Bubble, because I worked at Yahoo during 1998 and 1999. One day, when the stock was trading around $200, I sat down and calculated what I thought the price should be. The answer I got was $12. I went to the next cubicle and told my friend Trevor. “Twelve!” he said. He tried to sound indignant, but he didn’t quite manage it. He knew as well as I did that our valuation was crazy.

Yahoo was a special case. It was not just our price to earnings ratio that was bogus. Half our earnings were too. Not in the Enron way, of course. The finance guys seemed scrupulous about reporting earnings. What made our earnings bogus was that Yahoo was, in effect, the center of a pyramid scheme. Investors looked at Yahoo’s earnings and said to themselves, here is proof that Internet companies can make money. So they invested in new startups that promised to be the next Yahoo. And as soon as these startups got the money, what did they do with it? Buy millions of dollars worth of advertising on Yahoo to promote their brand. Result: a capital investment in a startup this quarter shows up as Yahoo earnings next quarter– stimulating another round of investments in startups.

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Yesterday I used BitPim to get into my Reliance India Mobiles’s Handset and modify the Ringtones (of LG-RD2030). The handset stores only 3 additional tunes and if you delete those , all the tunes would be lost. I had to reload the tunes from RWorld and use “Overwrite” option to change the tune (melody05.dat, melody06.dat and melody07.dat). I spent more time in finding the right tune than looking at the software, hence more updates later. But a friendly warning : You might screw your phone while doing so. So please do not play with it.

BitPim

BitPim is a program that allows you to view and manipulate data on LG VX4400/VX6000 and many Sanyo Sprint cell phones. This includes the PhoneBook, Calendar, WallPapers, RingTones (functionality varies by phone) and the Filesystem for most Qualcomm CDMA chipset based phones. (Note: you need to use the 0.7 development releases if you have any phone other than the LG VX4400).

BitPim is distributed as open source and free software under the GNU General Public License (aka GPL).

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.

There are no warranties as stated above (ie this software may damage your phone). This software is in no way associated with Audiovox, LG Electronics, Qualcomm, Samsung, Sanyo, Sprint, Verizon Wireless or any other handset manufacturer or wireless carrier. It has not been certified or endorsed by them, nor was it written using information directly supplied by them.

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HBS Working Knowledge has an article about Steve Wozniak, the creator of Apple Macintosh. “The Apple II was a hit. The Cloud Nine universal remote was not. Here’s what Steve Wozniak learned about creativity, and what it means for his latest venture. An excerpt from Juice: The Creative Fuel that Drives World-Class Inventors.”.

Steve Wozniak is considered a revolutionary in computing world; He along with Steve Jobs has started making Apple (the most sinful and sexiest computer) in 1976 before IBM+Intel+ Microsoft Trio came in to this world in a garage startup .

Many people wonder even though with such high standards in design & usability why Apple was not able to hit big as PC ? He has the answer…

We were also naive to think that the best technology would prevail. It often doesn’t. Consider the tale of the 50-year-old Dvorak keyboard and the conventional typewriter. The conventional English typewriter was designed to be slow, to prevent key jams. The Dvorak, which arranges the letters in the most logical way, can improve typing speed by 10 to 30 percent and is much easier to learn. But it never took off, because people had already learned the standard keyboard. Like the Dvorak keyboard, Apple’s superior operating system lost the market-share war.

Reporters and others have been asking me what I think about the problems at Apple. With such huge losses ($69 million in the most recent quarter), they figured I would be devastated. But I’m not. Apple is very much alive despite the serious mistakes and poor luck. What happened to Apple happens in corporations every day: losses lead to reorganizations, and finally recovery. Apple’s troubles are just another example of how bad news can become a self-fulfilling prophecy: I read the papers to find out who I am, so I can be it. I read the papers to find out how ill Apple is so I’ll know when to give up my Mac. I suppose I should have just told my partners to forget about starting the company. Who would ever think that the day would come when we’d sell 4.5 million computers in a year and be declared a company whose time has passed?

Wozniak is now enagaed with Woz.org : a free exchange of information, the way it always should be. He lives in Los Gatos, California, where he teaches computers in public school. Read his old interview on Slashdot, where he speaks about Apple, Startups, Open Source & his passion - Education :

How do you see education making better use of technology and technology making education better?

Woz: Personal love is certainly the most important thing. To some extent, a teacher offers this, but only to each student 1/30 of the time. 30 computers could become like 30 teachers, but they have to become as personal as possible. They need realistic graphics like games have. They need realistic sounds. They should be voice operated, especially since very early elementary students can’t type well. Every time a computer program gets more human-like, it attracts better student attention. But the software needs to be many times as deep as it is today in terms of a personality. It needs to be more like a real person, with many ways to present the same subject, backtracking intelligently, even to the far past, following a student through years of education. The programs should tell lots of jokes as well, and play occasional games too. Today the class presentation is fixed. Each student hears the same presentation in the same time frame. Then a test is given and the varable is the grade. But with 30 teachers, the presentation can be variable, with students going at different speeds in different courses. The student can pick their grade in advance, with the grade now being fixed.

It’s too hard to predict that schools will disappear as rapidly as many stores and newspapers and other things of the physical world. Schools currently serve as a parking place for the kids during the day and, even when everything is available at home on the web, parents will still want their kids in a socially healthier environment during the day.

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Om Malik writes how cisco is betting heavily on India:

So my statement that the ‘axis of technology has shifted to somewhere in the South China Sea’ is finally coming true. Couple of days ago, Cisco Systems announced that it was setting up a $32 million R&D labs in China. Today there is news that Cisco Systems is setting up a venture capital arm in India.

Cisco is bullish on the Indian market, which it says is amongst the top three strategic markets worldwide and its fastest growing. New product launches and the recent establishment of separate vertical business groups there have buoyed hopes for Cisco in the country, whose own manufacturing and services industry has been maturing in recent years because of de-regulation and privatization. [Venture Wire News]

‘India has been referred to for years as ‘the land of eternal promise’ because its markets always seemed on the verge of really taking off,’ Daniel Scheinman, senior vice president of corporate development for Cisco told News@Cisco. ……

Om Mallik’s Related Posts :

- India, the new land of opportunity

- India, the next telecom boom market

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Wired has this article on extreme outsourcing which means that not only big MNCs but even Startups and small time contractors are outsourcing their jobs/work. Sill Jason Pontin maintains a view that its still a job creating venture.

Wired : Micro-multinationals turn inside out an organizational fad of the 1990s: the incubator. But whereas incubated startups divest some business functions to their investors, micro-multinationals purchase these functions from subcontractors. Incubators allow startups to concentrate on what economists call a “comparative advantage” - the thing that any economic entity does best and most cheaply. Alas, incubated startups were also at the mercy of their patrons’ whims. Micro-multinationals, by contrast, control their own fortunes.

The wisdom of outsourcing applies to businesses great and small. When companies have some of their operations performed elsewhere, they reduce costs and allocate capital and labor instead to those activities that cannot, or should not, be subcontracted. When businesses use capital and labor efficiently, they can better explore expanding markets. And faster growth creates a need for new workers. The result is almost always a net gain in employment.

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Via Emergic ] Joe Kraus one of the founders of Excite, has started a blog on entrepreneurship and writes :

I’ve been reflecting on how different it is to start a company in 2004 vs. 1993. While I still break out like a nervous teenager, which looks awfully strange with graying hair, at a professional level, there are three substantial cost differences that make it much easier to start a business on much less capital. I think this is a great trend for entrepreneurs and has a not-so-clear impact on the venture business.

Cost Difference #1. The tools to develop software cost nothing now.

Cost Difference #2. Hardware costs are approaching 0.

Cost Difference #3. Start-ups have access to global labor.

with today’s ability to work with people all across the world comes the the great responsibility of needing to manage them to get what you want. It’s going to change the required skills for successful entrepreneurs. Successful management ability early on, not just great drive and persistence, is going to become an absolute must.

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Kaushal KarkhanisWrites :

“Just as I was about to check my Hotmail, I noticed my browser loading up something from ‘passportimages.com’ - Curiosity took over functionality, so I had to drop by that site! What do I find? The MSN group site common ’sign in’ image - resting there singularly, nicely, proudly and lonely.

I’m guessing this is where the New Internet is headed, yeah? One image, one site. So if you’re Acme Inc, your logo would exclusively rest on theacmelogo.com Applause! “

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Internet Service Providers (ISP) : India

- Mantraonline

- Powersurfer.net

- Pacenet

- Asianet Dataline

- Kerala Online

- CJ Net 4 U

- ComSatMax

- NOW ISP

- Del DSL

- Dishnet DSL

- Estel

- Exatt

- GNFC Online

- Guj Info Petro Limited (GIPL)

- GTL

- HATHWAY CABLE INTERNET

- HCL Infinet

- DIRECWAY

- i2i

- L & T Netcom Ltd

- Netmagic Solutions

- n-Logue

- Pacific Internet

- IndianSPider.com

- Primus Direct/UniLynk

- Only Smart

- RoltaNet

- Reach

- RAILTEL

- Satyam Online

- Spectranet

- Software Technology Parks of India

- Zeenext.com / ZeeAccess.com

- Tatanova

- net4india

- VasNet

Organizations

- Internet Service Provider Association of India

- Telecom Regulatory Authority of India

- Department of Telecommunications

- Broadband India User Group

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TELECOM ORGANIZATIONS : INDIA

The New Business Destination For Telecommunications and Business Process Outsourcing

Telecom Regulatory Authority of India

Mobile First Alliance

Cellular Operators Association of India

GSM India

TELECOM NEWS : INDIA

India Telecom Infrastructure Sector News: from India Telecom News Weekly

Telecom News - Economic Times

India Telecom News

Telecom News - BSNL

TELECOM OPERATORS : INDIA (As per the brand name)

Spice Telecom

Hutch

Aircel Limited

Essar Cellphone

AirTel

BPL Mobile

Escotel Mobile

Oasis Cellular

Orange

Idea

Dolphin

Reliance Mobile

RPG Cellular

Cell One

Tata Indicom

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Ericsson has announced to set up base stations manufacturing unit for cell sites used in Mobile communication near Jaipur in Rajashtan, India. It would be the first BTS manufacturer in India, with a investement of around 50$ M over the next years. Ericsson is a leading supplier of mobile networks & has large telecom customers like like Bharti, Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd and Reliance in India.

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The US Startups are learning the new tricks of the trade and turning in to ‘micro multinationals’ by moving cutting-edge product development to Indian Silicon Valley - Bangalore, Hyderabad, Pune and beyond with their top managers and sales teams in the United States, but design products in India at one third of the cost. The new jargons of the trade now are - ‘right-shoring’, ‘any-shoring’ and ’smart-sourcing’. Reuter has a detailed report : New Start-Up Breed: Born in the USA, Made in India

Some ‘Micro Mulinationals” mentioned in the article are Infinera, InSilica, CollabNet & NetScaler.

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A new Study by University of Michigan suggests that people who used a fast Internet access also tended to be more social than those who use the dial-up method.

Press Release on NewsWise.com

Many computer users increasingly subscribe to broadband service, most through cable modem and DSL, which allows access to the Internet at a faster speed than narrowband service through a telephone modem. The number of high-speed lines for residential and small business subscribers more than tripled to 26 million in December 2003 from 7.8 million in June 2001, according to the Federal Communications Commission. In recent years, more politicians, including President Bush, have recommended that affordable high-speed Internet access become available to all Americans by 2007.

Kwak’s study also supported other published research that broadband is used more often by a younger audience, in part, because of the multimedia availability. But while the research sheds further light on the broadband use, the study’s participants were asked about Internet use at home, not at work, school or public libraries.

The findings will be published this month in the Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media. U-M doctoral candidates Nathaniel Poor, Marko Skoric and Ann Williams assisted Kwak in the research.

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Kerala Next: Three people have been arrested in Delhi for duping people of millions of rupees by offering fraudulent Internet business opportunities and matrimonial services, police said. U.S. Bhardwaj, Hari Kishore and Akelesh Tripathi were arrested Monday by Economic Offences Wing (EOW) of Delhi Police. They have duped around 4,000 people, collecting Rs.60 million from them by creating a company, Bhasse Infotech Solution, and a fake websites : indya2net.com, i2nmatrimonials.com, i2nfashiondesign.com and i2ndoctors.com.

Before punching the credit card number on any site look for these things :

* Verify the contact details by querying the domain name and its registry , for example I have checked Indya2net.com on Checkdomain.com

* Read the FAQs and Disclaimers fully; some people are not total fraud : a partial cheating or hidden surprises are also possible.

* Check the contact details in Contact Us section of the web sites. No respectable business would hide its contact details.

* Any Ecommerce (recieving payment from web site) should offer secure transaction & verification certificate from a third party : For example when you go to Bazee.com and click on Verisign’s logo at the bottom it pop ups a certificate. Go to Indiatimes Shopping check for Verisign and EBTrust certificate.

* Online payments tips from Fraudbureau:

Notify your credit card provider or bank immediately if you suspect someone has intercepted or learned your credit card number or your password. This will limit your liability and stop any one form using your information to make unauthorized purchases or withdrawals in your name.

Always read the privacy policies or FAQs of web sites on which you will be transacting online business to determine how your personal information will be collected and used.

Never disclose any credit card or other personal information unless such information is absolutely necessary to make the purchase. If more personal information is required than is necessary to make a purchase, go to another site to transact business. For example, when purchasing online with a credit card, there is no need to disclose your address, telephone number, social security number, or e-mail address. Even if the privacy policy indicates that personal information will not be used except in relation to your purchase, fraudulent websites will not adhere to their own policies for obvious reasons.

Only do business with trustworthy companies you know .

More Detailed Tips :

- Online banking security tips

- Online Payment Security Tips

- On-line Payment Security Advice

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Cisco has announced that it is launching - Cisco Capital a leasing arm that would lease network equipments to the customers and provide fininacing options. Cisco dominates the network equipment market but recently India is becoming that target of new vendors from Europe & Asia (China) who are offering equipments and services at a very competitive prices. There are several big network rollout planned in the country for broadband implementation by ISPs & Telecom companies, the broadband penetration being very low in the country provides great gap and hence great opportunities in the coming year since many ISPs & Telecom company are either planning it or looking for a vendors. Cisco wants to attract these customers . Cisco being the pioneer has less issues with compatibility and scalibity of the network but customers are taken aback by the cost and now Cisco is trying to answers these issues.

Sify :

‘The new entity will serve as an added incentive for customers by helping them lease equipment such as routers, switches and related services,’ Salgame told a press conference on Tuesday. However, he refused to divulge details on Cisco Capital’s tie-ups with financial institutions and the quantum of capital it had committed to the Indian market. “

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Asheesh Advani (Entrepreneur.com) gives the three steps to help & determine what your new business is worth. Here is the first step :

1. You are what the market says you are. If investors are telling you that your startup is worth $1 million, then that’s what it’s worth. You might think it’s worth more. You might even know it’s worth more because your company may have more than $1 million is liquid assets, or more than $1 million in receivables, or more than $1 million in sweat equity. But if you’re unable to raise money for your startup with a valuation above $1 million, then you’ll have to accept the market valuation.

However, this isn’t always true. If you raise money from relatives and friends rather than professional investors, it’s possible that your company has been overvalued or undervalued (more likely, overvalued). For example, if you persuade your father and your rich aunt to purchase shares in your business at $20 per share, it doesn’t mean that future investors will pay more than $20 per share—even if your business grows and prospers. More…

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In continuation to my earlier post Opensource not ready to recieve MS Sender ID. “The MARID working group at the IETF responsible for deciding on which extensions to SMTP will be used to try and prevent spoofing of the sender has made their decision. An initial analysis of the text of their decision, available here with a brief analysis, would suggest not.” - Slashdot

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Wi-Fi Planet has an article on the implementation of Wi-Fi in Rural India

Just weeks after the Indian government gave the go-ahead to Wi-Fi, 802.11 chipsets from Atheros Communications (Quote, Chart) are powering a high-speed outdoor wireless broadband suite in the country.

“We’re proud that our technology is helping to power a system that brings wireless connectivity to remote communities in India and elsewhere,” said Colin Macnab, vice president of marketing and business development for Atheros.

Atheros is just one of the vendors that pushed India to open that country’s door to 802.11. Until recently, the government there restricted Wi-Fi to 802.11b and then to only indoor installations, according to Praveen Singh, Atheros’ country sales manager.

On August 25, the Wireless Planning & Coordination Wing of India’s Department of Telecommunications de-licensed and opened up the 2.40-2.48 GHz band, permitting 802.11g to be used for certain applications.

* Express Computer : Networking Special : Wireless

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Yet another stupid decision by TRAI which restricts ISPs to offer Private Leased Lines and services such as VPN :

BSNL had argued that ISPs, who do not pay any entry fee or licence fee, should not be allowed to offer corporate leased line service as it was infringing on the turf of long distance operators. Companies such as Sify, HCL Infinet and Tata Internet had made representation to the regulator against the stance taken by BSNL.

The telecom regulator has taken a position favouring BSNL by saying that the public sector company was justified in its demand, as ISPs were not eligible to provide services such as VPN.

This service is used by large corporates to network all their branch offices spread across the country.

However, a TRAI report on the issue said that BSNL was fair in demanding that ISPs can use the leased lines only for Internet purpose and not resell it, because they were not entitled to do the business of reselling bandwidth leased from other telecom service providers.

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Via Rajesh Jain : Economist writes about the new trend in outsourcing of IT infrastrucutre management services :

India’s outsourcing boom started with software development and has expanded into a whole range of business services that can be handled a continent away, of which the country’s hundreds of call-centres are just the most prominent examples. This takes that trend one stage further, and shifts offshore much of the administration and maintenance of a firm’s IT systems. Gartner’s Partha Iyengar divides remote IMS work into three categories: monitoring global network operations; providing helpdesk support and maintenance; and administering databases. 

It is as yet a small part of India’s IT business. According to NASSCOM, the Indian industry’s lobby, the country’s exports from the software, other IT services and business-process-outsourcing industries grew by more than 25% to $12 billion last year, of which infrastructure services accounted for just over $300m.

But the potential is huge. A report by Deutsche Bank puts the entire size of the global infrastructure-management market at $86 billion. Firms have been outsourcing infrastructure management for years. Arno Franz, of TPI, an outsourcing consultancy, describes it as an industry created in the 1970s and 1980s by EDS, an American giant that came out of efforts by General Motors to automate its car plants. Along with IBM, EDS still dominates the business. Often these firms would actually buy their clients’ computer systems. Or they would have annual maintenance contracts. Either way, their customer had fixed their information-technology costs and were free to concentrate on their “core competencies”.

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My 3rd best friend Avneesh Kumar a.k.a Avneesh.com is a true e-generation .net guy. As a birthday gift , he has gifted me a domain with web space so that I can have my own blog on Sanspeak.com. I wish every blog*spotter had a friend like you.

Thanks Avi & Rits Bhabhi Ji

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BusinessPundit quotes an economist article which claims that outsourcing is unsafe (Outsourcing to India / Safety matter)

FIRST they steal our jobs, then our credit-card numbers. Those seem to be the fears inspired by outsourcing back-office financial-services work to India. In both Europe and America, the argument that outsourcing costs jobs at home still has political resonance. But it is making way for another bogey: that India cannot offer the standards of privacy and data protection that consumers expect at home. Outsourcing is dangerous and perhaps even illegal. Both claims seem dubious.

They have come together in a complaint to Britain’s information commissioner, the data-protection watchdog, by a customer of Lloyds TSB, a big British bank. The bank is accused of breaking the law by failing to secure its customers’ explicit consent before sending personal information outside Europe.

His comments :

If it is a valid argument, fine. But if it is just more rhetoric to prevent outsourcing, all that will happen is we will sacrifice short-term employment for long-term uncompetitiveness.

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Redherring interviews serial entrepreneur Andrew Foss & discusses today’s company-launching hurdles and his success in the networking & telecom startups. Just last week, his latest enterprise, Swan Labs, secured a $15 million Series A round. His first company Network Translations which built firewall was acquired by networking giant Cisco and his second venture Caw Networks which made the software for analyzing application traffic on the WAN was acquired by Spirent Communications.

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Ernst & Young is inviting nominations from Indian companies for the ‘Global Hotbed Cross Border Showcase’ this is an opportunity for technology and ITES/BPO companies seeking US venture capital financing. Download the Form and Brochure from here in pdf format, for more information visit this page

According to Times Of India :

The entrepreneurs led by TiE plan to introduce Indian technology and ITES/BPO companies to the Silicon Valley investment community at the Ernst & Young Global Hotbed Cross-Border Showcase. Ernst & Young’s Global Venture Capital Advisory Group has opened doors to its landmark Global Hotbed Cross-Border Showcase in California to Indian companies for the first time. The annual forum will bring together 40 technology companies from India, China and Israel, to meet Silicon Valley investors in a day-long programme that will feature company presentations, panel discussions and networking sessions.

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OM Mallik has a story on his Corante / VoIP blog about Daily Camera’s report on the state of VoIP, and who are the real players in the business.

Will Stofega, a senior analyst on VoIP services for IDC, another research firm, says the companies that provide hosting VoIP services, such as Qwest, SBC or those that resell Level 3’s network, will log $222 million in sales next year and $880 million in 2006. By 2008, IDC sees that market exploding to $7 billion.

One thing that’s prompting some businesses to make the shift, says Elizabeth Herrell, an analyst with Forrester Research, is that they’re already looking to replace an aging phone system. Companies that aren’t in that position, though, likely won’t entertain the thought of VoIP until a major upgrade or repair unfolds.

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Converge Digest Reports

Atlas Interactive (India) has bought Israeli company Orca Interactive’s suite of middleware applications — RiGHTV — to deliver Interactive TV services over IP networks to BSNL subscribers. BSNL has decided to launch IPTV or Interactive TV to its initial 50,000 subscribers in the Delhi region by the end of 2004 using the Orca Interactive’s suite of middleware applications — RiGHTV for the delivery. The Atlas netTV project is scheduled to launch services under BSNL’s brand name of DATAONE with an initial 50,000 subscribers in the Delhi region by the end of 2004, said a statement from Orca.

* Orca Interactive Wins Contract for IPTV Services in India | BusinessWire

* Atlas Telecom | One World Interactive | BSNL

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Ofcom,the regulator for the UK communications industries (television, radio, telecommunications and wireless communications services) has issued a Statement on numbering arrangements for new voice services (PDF). Internet Telephony Service Providers Association (ITSPA) has welcomed Ofcom’s measures to encourage Internet Telephony. Here is an excerpt from Independant.co.uk

Ofcom also outlined plans for a new numbering system for VoB users. Providers will be able to offer customers who are switching from traditional services geographic numbers beginning with 01 or 02 that will allow them to keep their existing home telephone numbers. There will also be a new code, 056, not linked to any location which can be used anywhere in the country.

BT said it was planning a major marketing push to highlight its own VoB service, called BT Communicator. The Internet Telephony Service Providers Association (ITSPA), an industry trade body, welcomed Ofcom’s statement. Eli Katz, a founder member, said: “ITSPA welcomes the new stance, and all the key issues we called for have been delivered. We hope to continue to be actively involved in the shaping of policy and other industry-led activities, including a code of practice, which will be crucial for the successful growth of this area.”

* Voice Over Broadband | Ofcom

* VoIP - Voice over IP | Wikipedia

* The 2nd Annual Voice over IP (VoIP) India 2004 | IBC-Asia

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Slashdot has this story about an independant study on Offishoring IT :

Slashdot | An Independent Study on Offshoring IT?: “vsprintf writes ‘What are the real effects of offshoring on the U.S. technology sector? Pick your economist on the subject. The Bush administration’s Gregory Mankiw says it’s all good, and exporting jobs is just a new way to do trade. In Congressional testimony, Ralph Gomory says a little bit is okay, but too much is bad, while Herman Daly says it’s just plain bad. The ITAA’s paid mouthpiece, Harris Miller, says it must be good because IT workers in India wear Nike tennis shoes. At last, it appears the IEEE-USA has persuaded Congress to pay for an independent study to determine how offshoring really affects U.S. IT.’ ”

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